Praca Do Comercio
Introduction to Praca do Comercio
Located in the heart of Lisbon, the capital city of Portugal, Praca do Comercio (Commerce Square) is one of the most significant landmarks, not only in the city but in the entire country. An integral part of Lisbon's history and culture, this majestic square sits on the banks of the Tagus River and has been a vital part of the city's social and economic life for centuries. In this article, we will explore the history, architecture, and significance of this beautiful and intriguing Portuguese landmark, which is sure to captivate the imagination of anyone interested in European history and culture.
History of Praca do Comercio
The history of the Praca do Comercio dates back to the early 16th century when it was designed as the gateway to the city of Lisbon. Before the construction of the square, the site was occupied by the Royal Palace of Lisbon (also known as the Pacos da Ribeira), which was the residence of the Portuguese kings for nearly two hundred years. Unfortunately, the palace, along with much of the city, was completely destroyed during the infamous Great Lisbon Earthquake in 1755. The disaster compelled the rebuilding of Lisbon, and the Marquis of Pombal, the chief architect and planner of the reconstruction, designed and developed the current square as part of his grand vision for the city.
The primary aim of the square's design was to serve as a symbolic representation of Lisbon's rebirth following the devastating earthquake. Built on reclaimed land from the Tagus River, Praca do Comercio has evolved over the centuries to become a bustling center of economic and social activity, with numerous shops, restaurants, and cafes lining its perimeter. Today, it is one of the most important and recognizable symbols of Lisbon, attracting millions of tourists each year.
Architecture of Praca do Comercio
The Praca do Comercio is a shining example of Pombaline architectural style, which is characterized by its elegant, symmetrical designs and the use of earthquake-resistant construction techniques. The square encompasses a vast area of 36,000 square meters (roughly 386,000 square feet) and is surrounded by grand, yellow-painted buildings adorned with intricate, decorative elements. These buildings primarily served as government offices in the past but have been repurposed into various stores, restaurants, and other businesses that cater to the needs of the bustling city.
The most prominent and striking feature of Praca do Comercio is the Triumphal Arch of Augusta Street (Arco de Triunfo da Rua Augusta), an impressive structure that marks the gateway to the square. Designed by architect Veríssimo da Costa, this magnificent arch features a richly adorned facade filled with sculptural representations of significant historical figures, such as Vasco da Gama, the famed Portuguese explorer, or the Marquis of Pombal himself, who was instrumental in redesigning and rebuilding Lisbon after the earthquake.
Another notable architectural feature of the square is the equestrian statue of King José I, the Portuguese monarch who ruled during the earthquake's destruction and the subsequent reconstruction. It was inaugurated in 1775 and sculpted by Machado de Castro, an influential Portuguese artist during the 18th century. The statue, which stands on a tall pedestal adorned with symbolic elements, portrays the king on horseback, donning his royal regalia and symbolically trampling a snake, representing his triumph over adversity and the city's rebirth.
Events and Celebrations at Praca do Comercio
Given its historical and cultural significance, Praca do Comercio has always been the nucleus of various public events and gatherings. Throughout the centuries, it has been the venue for numerous royal ceremonies, religious processions, festivals, and military parades, which showcase the rich and diverse Portuguese culture.
Today, the square continues to be the focal point for a wide range of festivities and cultural events that draw thousands of visitors each year. Some of the most significant annual events that take place at Praca do Comercio include the New Year's Eve celebrations and the Feast of Saint Anthony. Additionally, the square often hosts concerts, exhibitions, and other artistic performances that cater to diverse tastes and preferences, both from locals and tourists alike.
Visitor Experiences At and Around Praca do Comercio
Visiting Praca do Comercio offers an incredible and enriching experience, both from historical and cultural perspectives. For those interested in diving deep into the history of the square and Lisbon itself, guided walking tours are available, which provide valuable insights into the stories and anecdotes that make Praca do Comercio and its surrounding neighborhoods so special.
Aside from exploring the square itself, visitors can also enjoy the picturesque waterfront area along the Tagus River or stroll along the adjacent Augusta Street, which offers a broad range of shopping and dining options. Other notable attractions within walking distance of Praca do Comercio include St. George's Castle, the Cathedral of Lisbon, and the picturesque Alfama district. It is worth noting that the iconic No. 28 tram line also passes nearby, providing an excellent opportunity to experience the city's historic transport network firsthand.
Conclusion
Praca do Comercio remains a shining testament to Lisbon's resilience in the face of adversity and the enduring impact of its rich history and cultural identity. Whether one visits the square for sightseeing, partake in a special event, or simply to experience the vibrant atmosphere of the city of Lisbon, Praca do Comercio is a must-visit destination that leaves a lasting impression on anyone who has the privilege to explore its monumental beauty.