Togariro Alpine Crossing
Introduction to Tongariro Alpine Crossing
Tongariro Alpine Crossing is a world-renowned trekking destination located in the heart of the Tongariro National Park in New Zealand. As part of the oldest national park in the country, this 19.4-kilometer (12-mile) day hike showcases the diverse and stunning landscapes of the region, providing a truly immersive experience within an active volcanic environment. The trail leads through emerald lakes, stunning steaming vents, and enormous volcanic craters. The challenging, yet rewarding, journey to the Tongariro Alpine Crossing attracts thousands of adventure enthusiasts and hikers from all over the world every year.
A Brief History of Tongariro National Park
Tongariro National Park was established in 1887 as the first national park in New Zealand and the sixth in the world. Covering an area of approximately 79,596 hectares, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is home to several sacred Māori sites and some of the most geologically significant volcanic landscapes in the country. With its unique natural and cultural features, Tongariro National Park has been recognized for its dual World Heritage status, ranking it alongside the likes of the Grand Canyon, Yosemite, and Serengeti National Parks on the global stage.
Preparing for the Trek
As one of New Zealand's premier hiking experiences, the Tongariro Alpine Crossing is a relatively challenging trail that demands a moderate level of fitness and preparation. The track takes approximately 6-8 hours to complete one way, depending on the individual's abilities and the weather conditions. It is essential to plan ahead, check the weather forecast and prepare necessary gear for the hike. Adequate clothing (layers), sturdy hiking boots, sun protection, plenty of water, and snacks are all crucial components of the trek.
Please note that the crossing is not a loop track, and visitors need to arrange transport between the start and end points before embarking on the hike. There are several shuttle services available, offering different pick-up points and return times to cater to different schedules and preferences.
Navigating the Alpine Terrain
The Tongariro Alpine Crossing is marked by a series of posts or poles, providing guidance to hikers as they traverse the challenging and sometimes treacherous terrain. The trail is divided into several sections, each with its unique features, landscapes, and difficulty levels. This division helps hikers to easily identify their progress and helps break up the long 19.4-kilometer (12-mile) trail into manageable segments.
Mangatepopo to Soda Springs
Starting at the Mangatepopo car park, the trail gradually ascends through alpine grasslands and tussock slopes, offering spectacular views of ancient lava flows created by earlier volcanic eruptions. After about 3 kilometers (1.9 miles), hikers will reach Soda Springs, a small waterfall oasis that serves as the last water source before entering the alpine environment. This section of the trail typically takes 1-1.5 hours to complete and is suitable for most hikers with a moderate level of fitness.
Soda Springs to South Crater
The next section of the Tongariro Alpine Crossing involves an ascent up the steep slopes of the scree-covered ridge known as the Devil's Staircase. The climb can be physically demanding but offers beautiful views across the plateau to the Kaimanawa Ranges and Mount Ruapehu. After a challenging ascent, hikers will be rewarded with reaching the South Crater area, an expansive flat basin with incredible panoramic views. This section typically takes around 1-1.5 hours to complete, depending on individual fitness levels.
South Crater to Red Crater
From the South Crater, the trail continues upwards to a ridge known as the Red Crater. The climb towards the summit is relatively steep and challenging, requiring caution and focus, particularly in adverse weather conditions. At 1,886 meters (6,188 feet) above sea level, Red Crater serves as the highest point of the Tongariro Alpine Crossing. Here, hikers can experience up-close views of this incredible geothermal landscape, complete with steaming vents and crimson-tinged rocks. This section usually takes 1-1.5 hours to complete, depending on the hiker's rate of ascent.
Red Crater to Blue Lake
The descent from Red Crater towards the Emerald Lakes is arguably the most visually stunning part of the Tongariro Alpine Crossing. These vibrant, jewel-colored pools are a must-see for their striking color, formed by mineral deposits leaching from the surrounding volcanic rock. Hikers are advised to stay on the marked path and avoid stepping near the lakes' fragile shorelines. After passing the lakes, the trail continues to the sacred Blue Lake, which is considered a sacred site by the Māori people, and swimming or eating near the lake is prohibited. This section typically takes about 1 hour to complete.
Blue Lake to Ketetahi
The final stretch of the Tongariro Alpine Crossing entails a long descent through an extensive area of volcanic scree, crossing streams and alpine vegetation. The landscape gradually transitions to native bush, with the Ketetahi hut marking the official end of the alpine terrain. The remaining part of the trail continues through stunning podocarp forest, home to a variety of native bird species, eventually reaching the Ketetahi car park. This last section generally takes around 2-3 hours to walk, marking the end of the 6-8 hour journey across Tongariro's volcanic landscape.
Preserving the Environment
As a World Heritage site, it is essential to respect and preserve the delicate ecosystems and sacred sites found within the Tongariro National Park. Hikers visiting the Tongariro Alpine Crossing are encouraged to follow the Leave No Trace principles, ensuring that the natural and cultural integrity of the landscape is upheld for future generations to enjoy.
Conclusion
With its unparalleled views, striking geothermal features, and rich cultural significance, the Tongariro Alpine Crossing stands as a bucket-list destination for hikers worldwide. From the challenging ascents to the breathtaking panoramas, this unforgettable journey through the heart of the Tongariro National Park leaves a lasting impression on all who traverse its spectacular landscapes.
